04-14-2012, 12:00 AM
Description
English: Indian and Himalayan Art
Aspects of Violence (Himsa) Page from a manuscript of the Sangrahanisutra Made in Gujarat, India or Rajasthan, India
1663-64
Artist/maker unknown, India
Opaque watercolor on paper 4 3/8 x 10 inches (11.1 x 25.4 cm)
Currently not on view
1935-34-11(51,a) Purchased with the Francis T. S. Darley Fund, 1935
Label
According to the philosophy of the Jain religion, animals that are
violent to one another are reborn in hell as surely as men who practice
cruelty. Each hell has a matching image. The upper left is the first
hell for "unreasoning tigers," and the illustration shows a tiger
attacking a black buck antelope. The adjacent scenes show a domesticated
cheetah carrying a rodent, a bird of prey (perhaps a Eurasian sparrow
hawk) with a smaller bird in its beak, and a Gaja-Simha (mythical
elephant-lion) with its elephant prey. On the far left of the lower row,
a mongoose kills a snake. At the far right, a big fish eats a little
one, a scene described as "fish doing bloody deeds." Just to its left, a
man shoots rabbits, a scene described as "human beings doing bloody
deeds." The sixth hell (second from the left) shows a seated couple and
implies the violence of lovemaking.
Date
1663-64
Source
http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/ ... mulR=17986https://en.wikipedia.org/...Violence_%28Himsa%29.jpg {PD-1923}
The Jains are intriguing, they have the highest literacy rate in India,
The literacy rate among Hindus (65.1%) was slightly
better than the national average (64.8%) for all religious groups
combined. Among Muslims the literacy rate is 59.1%, below the national
average. The highest literacy rate is recorded among the Jains (94.1%),
followed by Christians (80.3%), Buddhists (72.7%) and Sikhs (69.4%). “Press Information Bureau, Government of India”
and its said they have the oldest libraries in India
Jains have an ancient tradition of scholarship and have
the highest degree of literacy for a religious community in India. Jain
libraries are the oldest in the country. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism
The Jains of western India have preserved hundreds of
thousands of handwritten manuscripts for many centuries in their
libraries or “knowledge warehouses” (jndn bhandar). These manuscripts
have been an invaluable aid in reconstructing much of the history of
Indian society, religion, philosophy, and art.
The Jain Knowledge Warehouses: Traditional Libraries in India …
English: Indian and Himalayan Art
Aspects of Violence (Himsa) Page from a manuscript of the Sangrahanisutra Made in Gujarat, India or Rajasthan, India
1663-64
Artist/maker unknown, India
Opaque watercolor on paper 4 3/8 x 10 inches (11.1 x 25.4 cm)
Currently not on view
1935-34-11(51,a) Purchased with the Francis T. S. Darley Fund, 1935
Label
According to the philosophy of the Jain religion, animals that are
violent to one another are reborn in hell as surely as men who practice
cruelty. Each hell has a matching image. The upper left is the first
hell for "unreasoning tigers," and the illustration shows a tiger
attacking a black buck antelope. The adjacent scenes show a domesticated
cheetah carrying a rodent, a bird of prey (perhaps a Eurasian sparrow
hawk) with a smaller bird in its beak, and a Gaja-Simha (mythical
elephant-lion) with its elephant prey. On the far left of the lower row,
a mongoose kills a snake. At the far right, a big fish eats a little
one, a scene described as "fish doing bloody deeds." Just to its left, a
man shoots rabbits, a scene described as "human beings doing bloody
deeds." The sixth hell (second from the left) shows a seated couple and
implies the violence of lovemaking.
Date
1663-64
Source
http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/ ... mulR=17986https://en.wikipedia.org/...Violence_%28Himsa%29.jpg {PD-1923}
The Jains are intriguing, they have the highest literacy rate in India,
The literacy rate among Hindus (65.1%) was slightly
better than the national average (64.8%) for all religious groups
combined. Among Muslims the literacy rate is 59.1%, below the national
average. The highest literacy rate is recorded among the Jains (94.1%),
followed by Christians (80.3%), Buddhists (72.7%) and Sikhs (69.4%). “Press Information Bureau, Government of India”
and its said they have the oldest libraries in India
Jains have an ancient tradition of scholarship and have
the highest degree of literacy for a religious community in India. Jain
libraries are the oldest in the country. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism
The Jains of western India have preserved hundreds of
thousands of handwritten manuscripts for many centuries in their
libraries or “knowledge warehouses” (jndn bhandar). These manuscripts
have been an invaluable aid in reconstructing much of the history of
Indian society, religion, philosophy, and art.
The Jain Knowledge Warehouses: Traditional Libraries in India …